ABAP Select data from SAP table VFCP_MEMO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VFCP_MEMO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VFCP_MEMO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VFCP_MEMO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VFCP_MEMO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VFCP_MEMO,
      WA_VFCP_MEMO TYPE VFCP_MEMO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VFCP_MEMO> TYPE VFCP_MEMO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VFCP_MEMO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VFCP_MEMO
  INTO TABLE IT_VFCP_MEMO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VFCP_MEMO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VFCP_MEMO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VFCP_MEMO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VFCP_MEMO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VFCP_MEMO ASSIGNING <VFCP_MEMO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VFCP_MEMO>-MANDT = 1.
<VFCP_MEMO>-DOCUMENTNUMBER = 1.
<VFCP_MEMO>-COMPANYCODE = 1.
<VFCP_MEMO>-PLANNINGGROUP = 1.
<VFCP_MEMO>-PLANNINGTYPE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VFCP_MEMO INTO WA_VFCP_MEMO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VFCP_MEMO-PLANNINGDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCP_MEMO-TRANSACTIONCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCP_MEMO-USERNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCP_MEMO-ENTRYDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCP_MEMO-LINEITEMTEXT, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VFCP_MEMO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VFCP_MEMO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VFCP_MEMO INTO WA_VFCP_MEMO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VFCP_MEMO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTNUMBER TYPE STRING,
COMPANYCODE TYPE STRING,
PLANNINGGROUP TYPE STRING,
PLANNINGTYPE TYPE STRING,
PLANNINGDATE TYPE STRING,
TRANSACTIONCODE TYPE STRING,
USERNAME TYPE STRING,
ENTRYDATE TYPE STRING,
LINEITEMTEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-DOCUMENTNUMBER sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-COMPANYCODE sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-PLANNINGGROUP sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-PLANNINGTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-PLANNINGDATE sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-TRANSACTIONCODE sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-USERNAME sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-ENTRYDATE sy-vline 
WA_VFCP_MEMO_STR-LINEITEMTEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.