ABAP Select data from SAP table VIAK26_SUM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIAK26_SUM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIAK26_SUM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIAK26_SUM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIAK26_SUM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIAK26_SUM,
      WA_VIAK26_SUM TYPE VIAK26_SUM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIAK26_SUM> TYPE VIAK26_SUM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIAK26_SUM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIAK26_SUM
  INTO TABLE IT_VIAK26_SUM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIAK26_SUM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIAK26_SUM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIAK26_SUM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIAK26_SUM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIAK26_SUM ASSIGNING <VIAK26_SUM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIAK26_SUM>-MANDT = 1.
<VIAK26_SUM>-BUKRS = 1.
<VIAK26_SUM>-SWENR = 1.
<VIAK26_SUM>-SNKSL = 1.
<VIAK26_SUM>-SEMPSL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIAK26_SUM INTO WA_VIAK26_SUM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIAK26_SUM-DGUELEMP, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK26_SUM-TBUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSWENR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSNKSL, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSEMPSL, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK26_SUM-SABRG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIAK26_SUM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIAK26_SUM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIAK26_SUM INTO WA_VIAK26_SUM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SNKSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-SNKSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-SNKSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SEMPSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-SEMPSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-SEMPSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field TSWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TSNKSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSNKSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSNKSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TSEMPSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSEMPSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-TSEMPSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field XEINHEIT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-XEINHEIT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-XEINHEIT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MEAS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK26_SUM-MEAS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK26_SUM-MEAS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIAK26_SUM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
SNKSL TYPE STRING,
SEMPSL TYPE STRING,
DGUELEMP TYPE STRING,
TBUKRS TYPE STRING,
TSWENR TYPE STRING,
TSNKSL TYPE STRING,
TSEMPSL TYPE STRING,
SABRG TYPE STRING,
EQUINUM TYPE STRING,
XEINHEIT TYPE STRING,
PROZ TYPE STRING,
JDISTRIBUTE TYPE STRING,
VOLWATER TYPE STRING,
TEMPWATER TYPE STRING,
HEATVALUE TYPE STRING,
KBRART TYPE STRING,
GCONSUMP TYPE STRING,
QHEATAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
BCONSUMP TYPE STRING,
WHEATAMOUNT TYPE STRING,
WWPROZ TYPE STRING,
HKVOTYP TYPE STRING,
RERF TYPE STRING,
DERF TYPE STRING,
TERF TYPE STRING,
REHER TYPE STRING,
RBEAR TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
TBEAR TYPE STRING,
RBHER TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
CO_OBJNR TYPE STRING,
OBART TYPE STRING,
OBJTXT TYPE STRING,
OBJBUKRS TYPE STRING,
XUMLEK TYPE STRING,
MEAS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-SNKSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-SEMPSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-DGUELEMP sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TSWENR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TSNKSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TSEMPSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-SABRG sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-EQUINUM sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-XEINHEIT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-PROZ sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-JDISTRIBUTE sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-VOLWATER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TEMPWATER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-HEATVALUE sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-KBRART sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-GCONSUMP sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-QHEATAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-BCONSUMP sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-WHEATAMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-WWPROZ sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-HKVOTYP sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-RERF sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-DERF sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TERF sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-REHER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-RBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-TBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-RBHER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-CO_OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-OBART sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-OBJTXT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-OBJBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-XUMLEK sy-vline 
WA_VIAK26_SUM_STR-MEAS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.