ABAP Select data from SAP table VIQMFE2 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIQMFE2 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIQMFE2. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIQMFE2 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIQMFE2 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIQMFE2,
      WA_VIQMFE2 TYPE VIQMFE2,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIQMFE2> TYPE VIQMFE2.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIQMFE2.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIQMFE2
  INTO TABLE IT_VIQMFE2.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIQMFE2
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIQMFE22).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIQMFE2 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIQMFE22).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIQMFE2 ASSIGNING <VIQMFE2>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIQMFE2>-MANDT = 1.
<VIQMFE2>-QMNUM = 1.
<VIQMFE2>-FENUM = 1.
<VIQMFE2>-FETXT = 1.
<VIQMFE2>-FEKAT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIQMFE2 INTO WA_VIQMFE2.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIQMFE2-FEGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_VIQMFE2-FECOD, sy-vline,
  WA_VIQMFE2-OTKAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VIQMFE2-OTGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_VIQMFE2-OTEIL, sy-vline,
  WA_VIQMFE2-BAUTL, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIQMFE2 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIQMFE2 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIQMFE2 INTO WA_VIQMFE2.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field QMNUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIQMFE2-QMNUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIQMFE2-QMNUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field BAUTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIQMFE2-BAUTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIQMFE2-BAUTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIQMFE2_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
QMNUM TYPE STRING,
FENUM TYPE STRING,
FETXT TYPE STRING,
FEKAT TYPE STRING,
FEGRP TYPE STRING,
FECOD TYPE STRING,
OTKAT TYPE STRING,
OTGRP TYPE STRING,
OTEIL TYPE STRING,
BAUTL TYPE STRING,
FEQKLAS TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIQMFE2_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-QMNUM sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FENUM sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FETXT sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FEKAT sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FEGRP sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FECOD sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-OTKAT sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-OTGRP sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-OTEIL sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-BAUTL sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-FEQKLAS sy-vline 
WA_VIQMFE2_STR-POSNR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.