ABAP Select data from SAP table VISCPG into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VISCPG table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VISCPG. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VISCPG table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VISCPG TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VISCPG,
      WA_VISCPG TYPE VISCPG,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VISCPG> TYPE VISCPG.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VISCPG.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VISCPG
  INTO TABLE IT_VISCPG.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VISCPG
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VISCPG2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VISCPG INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VISCPG2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VISCPG ASSIGNING <VISCPG>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VISCPG>-MANDT = 1.
<VISCPG>-INTRENO = 1.
<VISCPG>-BUKRS = 1.
<VISCPG>-SWENR = 1.
<VISCPG>-PGID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VISCPG INTO WA_VISCPG.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VISCPG-XPG, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCPG-VALIDFROM, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCPG-VALIDTO, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCPG-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCPG-RESPONSIBLE, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCPG-USEREXCLUSIVE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VISCPG you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VISCPG TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VISCPG INTO WA_VISCPG.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCPG-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCPG-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PGID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCPG-PGID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCPG-PGID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit REDAT, internal->external for field VALIDTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_REDAT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCPG-VALIDTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCPG-VALIDTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VISCPG_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
INTRENO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
PGID TYPE STRING,
XPG TYPE STRING,
VALIDFROM TYPE STRING,
VALIDTO TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
RESPONSIBLE TYPE STRING,
USEREXCLUSIVE TYPE STRING,
AUTHGRP TYPE STRING,
CREATIONTYPE TYPE STRING,
RERF TYPE STRING,
DERF TYPE STRING,
TERF TYPE STRING,
REHER TYPE STRING,
RBEAR TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
TBEAR TYPE STRING,
RBHER TYPE STRING,
PGCROSSOVERCC TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VISCPG_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VISCPG_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-INTRENO sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-PGID sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-XPG sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-VALIDFROM sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-VALIDTO sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-RESPONSIBLE sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-USEREXCLUSIVE sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-AUTHGRP sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-CREATIONTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-RERF sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-DERF sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-TERF sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-REHER sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-RBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-TBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-RBHER sy-vline 
WA_VISCPG_STR-PGCROSSOVERCC sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.