ABAP Select data from SAP table VISCS_COSTS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VISCS_COSTS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VISCS_COSTS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VISCS_COSTS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VISCS_COSTS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VISCS_COSTS,
      WA_VISCS_COSTS TYPE VISCS_COSTS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VISCS_COSTS> TYPE VISCS_COSTS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VISCS_COSTS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VISCS_COSTS
  INTO TABLE IT_VISCS_COSTS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VISCS_COSTS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VISCS_COSTS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VISCS_COSTS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VISCS_COSTS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VISCS_COSTS ASSIGNING <VISCS_COSTS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VISCS_COSTS>-MANDT = 1.
<VISCS_COSTS>-SETTL_GUID = 1.
<VISCS_COSTS>-SETTL_LEVEL = 1.
<VISCS_COSTS>-SETTLOBJ_GUID = 1.
<VISCS_COSTS>-HKONT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VISCS_COSTS INTO WA_VISCS_COSTS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VISCS_COSTS-AKONTO, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCS_COSTS-NASAKNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCS_COSTS-STBUK, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCS_COSTS-MWSKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCS_COSTS-COSTGUID, sy-vline,
  WA_VISCS_COSTS-OBJTYPE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VISCS_COSTS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VISCS_COSTS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VISCS_COSTS INTO WA_VISCS_COSTS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCS_COSTS-HKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCS_COSTS-HKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKONTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCS_COSTS-AKONTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCS_COSTS-AKONTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field NASAKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VISCS_COSTS-NASAKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VISCS_COSTS-NASAKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VISCS_COSTS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SETTL_GUID TYPE STRING,
SETTL_LEVEL TYPE STRING,
SETTLOBJ_GUID TYPE STRING,
HKONT TYPE STRING,
AKONTO TYPE STRING,
NASAKNR TYPE STRING,
STBUK TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
COSTGUID TYPE STRING,
OBJTYPE TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
CURRENCY TYPE STRING,
NET_AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
TAX_AMOUNT TYPE STRING,
DEDUCT_TAX TYPE STRING,
NONDEDUCT_TAX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-SETTL_GUID sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-SETTL_LEVEL sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-SETTLOBJ_GUID sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-HKONT sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-AKONTO sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-NASAKNR sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-STBUK sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-COSTGUID sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-OBJTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-CURRENCY sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-NET_AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-TAX_AMOUNT sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-DEDUCT_TAX sy-vline 
WA_VISCS_COSTS_STR-NONDEDUCT_TAX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.