ABAP Select data from SAP table VOTIV20 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VOTIV20 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VOTIV20. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VOTIV20 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VOTIV20 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VOTIV20,
      WA_VOTIV20 TYPE VOTIV20,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VOTIV20> TYPE VOTIV20.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VOTIV20.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VOTIV20
  INTO TABLE IT_VOTIV20.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VOTIV20
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VOTIV202).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VOTIV20 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VOTIV202).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VOTIV20 ASSIGNING <VOTIV20>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VOTIV20>-MANDT = 1.
<VOTIV20>-SMIETSP = 1.
<VOTIV20>-XLBEZ = 1.
<VOTIV20>-WAERS = 1.
<VOTIV20>-DGUELTB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VOTIV20 INTO WA_VOTIV20.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VOTIV20-DGUELT, sy-vline,
  WA_VOTIV20-FUNCT, sy-vline,
  WA_VOTIV20-JCTRLTAB, sy-vline,
  WA_VOTIV20-JDEFCOMM, sy-vline,
  WA_VOTIV20-LANGU, sy-vline,
  WA_VOTIV20-SADJBASE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VOTIV20 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VOTIV20 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VOTIV20 INTO WA_VOTIV20.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VOTIV20-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VOTIV20-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VOTIV20_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SMIETSP TYPE STRING,
XLBEZ TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
DGUELTB TYPE STRING,
DGUELT TYPE STRING,
FUNCT TYPE STRING,
JCTRLTAB TYPE STRING,
JDEFCOMM TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
SADJBASE TYPE STRING,
JZUABK TYPE STRING,
JLAGEKL TYPE STRING,
JAUSKL TYPE STRING,
JGRUND TYPE STRING,
JPUNKTE TYPE STRING,
SMAINMSP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VOTIV20_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VOTIV20_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-SMIETSP sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-XLBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-DGUELTB sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-DGUELT sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-FUNCT sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JCTRLTAB sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JDEFCOMM sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-SADJBASE sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JZUABK sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JLAGEKL sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JAUSKL sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JGRUND sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-JPUNKTE sy-vline 
WA_VOTIV20_STR-SMAINMSP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.