ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_CP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_CP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_CP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_CP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_CP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_CP,
      WA_VTB_CP TYPE VTB_CP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_CP> TYPE VTB_CP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_CP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_CP
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_CP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_CP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_CP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_CP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_CP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CP ASSIGNING <VTB_CP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_CP>-MANDT = 1.
<VTB_CP>-REFTYP = 1.
<VTB_CP>-REFNR = 1.
<VTB_CP>-OBJNR = 1.
<VTB_CP>-STATUS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_CP INTO WA_VTB_CP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_CP-CRUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CP-DCRDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CP-TCRTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CP-UPUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CP-DUPDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CP-TUPTIM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_CP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_CP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CP INTO WA_VTB_CP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-REFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-REFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANLD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-RANLD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-RANLD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RPZAHL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CP-RPZAHL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CP-RPZAHL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_CP_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
REFTYP TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
CRUSER TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
UPUSER TYPE STRING,
DUPDAT TYPE STRING,
TUPTIM TYPE STRING,
RRANG TYPE STRING,
WZBETR TYPE STRING,
BZBETR TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
WBBETR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
NORDER TYPE STRING,
RANLD TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
RLDEPO TYPE STRING,
DZTERM TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
HBKID TYPE STRING,
HKTID TYPE STRING,
RPZAHL TYPE STRING,
RPBANK TYPE STRING,
SZART TYPE STRING,
ZLSCH TYPE STRING,
UZAWE TYPE STRING,
SPAYRQ TYPE STRING,
SPRSNG TYPE STRING,
SPRGRD TYPE STRING,
SCSPAY TYPE STRING,
ZWELS TYPE STRING,
PAYGR TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
SANLF TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
SFGTYP TYPE STRING,
SFGZUSTT TYPE STRING,
RREFKONT TYPE STRING,
SFHAZBA TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
SBEWEBE TYPE STRING,
SSPRGRD TYPE STRING,
SBFREI TYPE STRING,
SSTORNOBWG TYPE STRING,
RFHAZU TYPE STRING,
KEYDAT TYPE STRING,
KEYTIM TYPE STRING,
KEYNUM TYPE STRING,
KEY1 TYPE STRING,
KEY2 TYPE STRING,
RBFHA TYPE STRING,
RBORDER TYPE STRING,
RBDARL TYPE STRING,
RBCLPOS TYPE STRING,
XGSART TYPE STRING,
XFHAART TYPE STRING,
XBEWART TYPE STRING,
RRANK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_CP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_CP_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-REFTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-UPUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-DUPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-TUPTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RRANG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-WZBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-BZBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-WBBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-NORDER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RANLD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RLDEPO sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-DZTERM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-HBKID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-HKTID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RPZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RPBANK sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SZART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-ZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-UZAWE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SPAYRQ sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SPRSNG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SPRGRD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SCSPAY sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-ZWELS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-PAYGR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RANTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SANLF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SFGTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SFGZUSTT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RREFKONT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SFHAZBA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SBEWEBE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SSPRGRD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SBFREI sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-SSTORNOBWG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RFHAZU sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KEYDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KEYTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KEYNUM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KEY1 sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-KEY2 sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RBFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RBORDER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RBDARL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RBCLPOS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-XGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-XFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-XBEWART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CP_STR-RRANK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.