ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_SIANF into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_SIANF table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_SIANF. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_SIANF table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_SIANF TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_SIANF,
      WA_VTB_SIANF TYPE VTB_SIANF,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_SIANF> TYPE VTB_SIANF.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_SIANF.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_SIANF
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_SIANF.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_SIANF
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_SIANF2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_SIANF INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_SIANF2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_SIANF ASSIGNING <VTB_SIANF>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_SIANF>-MANDT = 1.
<VTB_SIANF>-SOBJTYP = 1.
<VTB_SIANF>-SOBJID = 1.
<VTB_SIANF>-DCRDAT = 1.
<VTB_SIANF>-TCRTIM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_SIANF INTO WA_VTB_SIANF.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_SIANF-RSIANF, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_SIANF-SSTATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_SIANF-SRISKTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_SIANF-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_SIANF-SSIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_SIANF-SGRUND, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_SIANF you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_SIANF TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_SIANF INTO WA_VTB_SIANF.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_SIANF-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_SIANF-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_SIANF-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_SIANF-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_SIANF-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_SIANF-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_SIANF-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_SIANF-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_SIANF_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SOBJTYP TYPE STRING,
SOBJID TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
RSIANF TYPE STRING,
SSTATUS TYPE STRING,
SRISKTYP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
SGRUND TYPE STRING,
DVZAHL TYPE STRING,
BTRANS TYPE STRING,
WTRANS TYPE STRING,
WBASIS TYPE STRING,
CRUSER TYPE STRING,
UPUSER TYPE STRING,
DUPDAT TYPE STRING,
TUPTIM TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
ETENR TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
ZEKKN TYPE STRING,
STUNR TYPE STRING,
ZAEHK TYPE STRING,
FBUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
IDENR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_SIANF_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SOBJTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SOBJID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-RSIANF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SRISKTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-SGRUND sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-DVZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-BTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-WTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-WBASIS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-UPUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-DUPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-TUPTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-ETENR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-ZEKKN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-STUNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-ZAEHK sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-FBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_SIANF_STR-IDENR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.