ABAP Select data from SAP table VTBMSGPOST into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTBMSGPOST table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTBMSGPOST. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTBMSGPOST table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTBMSGPOST TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTBMSGPOST,
      WA_VTBMSGPOST TYPE VTBMSGPOST,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTBMSGPOST> TYPE VTBMSGPOST.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTBMSGPOST.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTBMSGPOST
  INTO TABLE IT_VTBMSGPOST.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTBMSGPOST
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTBMSGPOST2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTBMSGPOST INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTBMSGPOST2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTBMSGPOST ASSIGNING <VTBMSGPOST>.
*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTBMSGPOST>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTBMSGPOST>-RFHA = 1.
<VTBMSGPOST>-RFHAZU = 1.
<VTBMSGPOST>-DCRDAT = 1.
<VTBMSGPOST>-TCRTIM = 1.
ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTBMSGPOST INTO WA_VTBMSGPOST.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTBMSGPOST-RFHAZB, sy-vline,
WA_VTBMSGPOST-RANTYP, sy-vline,
WA_VTBMSGPOST-SGSART, sy-vline,
WA_VTBMSGPOST-SFHAART, sy-vline,
WA_VTBMSGPOST-SFHAZBA, sy-vline,
WA_VTBMSGPOST-DZTERM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP. *Add any further fields from structure WA_VTBMSGPOST you want to display... WRITE:/ sy-uline. * Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report DO. ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTBMSGPOST TO <field>. IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF. WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline. gd_str = <field> . lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ). lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ). WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname. ENDDO. *Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value LOOP AT IT_VTBMSGPOST INTO WA_VTBMSGPOST. *Write horizonal line to screen report. WRITE:/ sy-uline. *Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO. ENDLOOP. *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form convert_all_field_values *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO. DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT' EXPORTING input = WA_VTBMSGPOST-RFHA IMPORTING output = ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBMSGPOST-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT' EXPORTING input = WA_VTBMSGPOST-BELNR IMPORTING output = ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBMSGPOST-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT' EXPORTING input = WA_VTBMSGPOST-GJAHR IMPORTING output = ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBMSGPOST-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Form process_as_string_field_values *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO. TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTBMSGPOST_STR,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
RFHAZU TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
RFHAZB TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
SFHAZBA TYPE STRING,
DZTERM TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
SZART TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
MSGID TYPE STRING,
MSGNO TYPE STRING,
MSGTY TYPE STRING,
MSGV1 TYPE STRING,
MSGV2 TYPE STRING,
MSGV3 TYPE STRING,
MSGV4 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR. DATA: WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR type T_EKKO_STR. DATA: ld_text TYPE string. LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO. MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR. CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-BUKRS sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-RFHA sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-RFHAZU sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-RFHAZB sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-RANTYP sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-SGSART sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-SFHAART sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-SFHAZBA sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-DZTERM sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-SSIGN sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-SZART sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-BELNR sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-GJAHR sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGID sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGNO sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGTY sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGV1 sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGV2 sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGV3 sy-vline
WA_VTBMSGPOST_STR-MSGV4 sy-vline INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE. *Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE... ENDLOOP. ENDFORM.