ABAP Select data from SAP table VTM_IN_TRANS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTM_IN_TRANS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTM_IN_TRANS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTM_IN_TRANS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTM_IN_TRANS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTM_IN_TRANS,
      WA_VTM_IN_TRANS TYPE VTM_IN_TRANS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTM_IN_TRANS> TYPE VTM_IN_TRANS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTM_IN_TRANS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTM_IN_TRANS
  INTO TABLE IT_VTM_IN_TRANS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTM_IN_TRANS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTM_IN_TRANS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTM_IN_TRANS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTM_IN_TRANS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTM_IN_TRANS ASSIGNING <VTM_IN_TRANS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTM_IN_TRANS>-MANDT = 1.
<VTM_IN_TRANS>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTM_IN_TRANS>-RFHA = 1.
<VTM_IN_TRANS>-SGSART = 1.
<VTM_IN_TRANS>-SFHAART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTM_IN_TRANS INTO WA_VTM_IN_TRANS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RMAID, sy-vline,
  WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-KONTRH, sy-vline,
  WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RGARANT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RREFKONT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RPORTB, sy-vline,
  WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-WGSCHFT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTM_IN_TRANS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTM_IN_TRANS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTM_IN_TRANS INTO WA_VTM_IN_TRANS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RMAID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RMAID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RMAID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RGARANT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RGARANT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTM_IN_TRANS-RGARANT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
RMAID TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
RGARANT TYPE STRING,
RREFKONT TYPE STRING,
RPORTB TYPE STRING,
WGSCHFT TYPE STRING,
SKALID TYPE STRING,
SKALID2 TYPE STRING,
AKUEND TYPE STRING,
SKUEND TYPE STRING,
ZUONR TYPE STRING,
TBEGRU TYPE STRING,
SINCLBE TYPE STRING,
SNPVCAL TYPE STRING,
SRNDNG TYPE STRING,
ZUOND TYPE STRING,
REFER TYPE STRING,
MERKM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-RMAID sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-RGARANT sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-RREFKONT sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-RPORTB sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-WGSCHFT sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SKALID sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SKALID2 sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-AKUEND sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SKUEND sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-ZUONR sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-TBEGRU sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SINCLBE sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SNPVCAL sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-SRNDNG sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-ZUOND sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-REFER sy-vline 
WA_VTM_IN_TRANS_STR-MERKM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.